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  Chapter 5 - Going to School


  Vocabulary


教室jìaoshìclassroom
老师lǎoshǐteacher
shūbook
书桌shūzhuōdesk
包书shūbāobookbag
pens
毛笔máobǐwriting brush
铅笔gíanbǐpencil
原子笔yuánzibǐballpoint pen
钢笔gāngbǐfountain pen
粉笔fěnbǐchalk
学生xuéshengpupil
念书nìan shūstudy (read book)
zhǐpaper
笔记本bǐjìběnnotebook
méndoor
学校xuéxìaoschool
校长xìaozhǎngprincipal
chair
字紙篓zìzhǐlǒuwastepaperbasket
characters
词典cídǐandictionary
地图dìtúmap
地图集dìtújíatlas
墨水mòshuǐink
朋友péngyoufriend

 Look at the Characters








xué
earth, ground
picture, chart
characters
study

New Combinations

地形圖
地動
地下
地面
地瓜

圖景
圖片
天氣圖
圖形
地圖

字紙
寫字
字跡
字母
字書

學報
學費
學時
學會
小學
中學
大學
上學
數學
動物學
光學

(earth shape picture)
(earth + move)
(earth + down)
(earth + field)
(earth + melon)

(picture + see)
(picture + slice)
(weather + chart)
(picture + shape)
(earth + picture)

(characters + paper)
(write + characters)
(characters + marks)
(characters + parent)
(characters + book

(study + report)
(study + expenses)
(study + time)
(study + ability)
(small + study)
(middle + study)
(big + study)
(up + study)
(numbers + study)
(animal + study)
(light + study)
(study + scholar)
topographic map
earthquake
underground, on the ground
ground, floor
sweet potato

prospect
photograph
weather map
graph
map

wastepaper
write characters
handwriting
letters of an alphabet
workbook

journal
tuition
class period
learn, master
elementary school
high school
university
attend school
mathematics
zoology
optics
college degree
dìxíngtú
dìdònq
dìxìa
dìmìan
dìguā

tújǐnq
túpìan
tīangìtú
tūxíng
dìtú

zìzhǐ
xǐezì
zìjī
zìmǔ
zìshū

xuébào
xuéfèi
xuéshí
xuéhuì
xǐaoxué
zhōngxué
dàxué
shùngxué
shùxué
dòngwùxué
guāngxué
xuéshì


Look at the Language

 

1. Possessive Pronouns


To show ownership of something use the de particle:


我的書
你的詞典

wǒde shū
nǐde cídiǎn

my book
your dictionary


  If there is a close personal relationship, you can omit the particle:


我姐姐
你太太
我老師
我朋友
wǒ jiějie
nǐ tàitai
wǒ lǎoshī
wǒ péngyou

my elder sister.
your wife.
my teacher.
my friend.


  Otherwise, use de:


我的筆
我的手錶
我的老師

wǒde bǐ
wǒde shǒu biǎo
wǒde lǎoshī

my pen
my watch
my teacher

If the construction is more complex, use de:

我的好朋友
我的高朋友
wǒde hǎo péngyou
wǒde gāo péngyou
my good friend
my tall friend

Plural personal pronouns usually append the de modifier when they are used possessively:


我們的書
我們的老師

你們的朋友
你們的鉛筆

他們的教授
他們的書包

wǒmende shū
wǒmende lǎoshī

nǐmende péngyou
nǐmende qiānbǐ

tāmende jiàoshòu
tāmende shūbāo

our books
our teacher

your friends
your pencils

their professor.
their bookbags.